/* ============================================
   EXTERNAL CSS FILE FOR ALL PAGES
   Dr. Wansazli Nasaruddin Portfolio
   ============================================ */

/* --- Global Styles & Variables --- */
:root {
    --bg-primary: #000000;
    --bg-secondary: #141414;
    --bg-tertiary: #1f1f1f;
    --text-primary: #e0e0e0;
    --text-secondary: #b8b8b8;
    --text-tertiary: #c0c0c0;
    --accent-color: #e53935;
    --border-color: #3a3a3a;
    --font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Noto Sans", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    margin: 0;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    font-size: 16px;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

h1, h2, h3 {
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

h1 { font-size: 3.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

p {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover {
    color: #b71c1c;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

/* --- Header & Navigation --- */
header {
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
}

header .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo {
    display: block;
}

.logo img {
    max-width: 180px;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.logo:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}

.logo:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* --- Hamburger Menu --- */
.menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    z-index: 1001;
}

.hamburger {
    width: 24px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: var(--text-primary);
    border-radius: 2px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.menu-toggle.active .hamburger:nth-child(1) {
    transform: rotate(45deg) translate(10px, 10px);
}

.menu-toggle.active .hamburger:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.menu-toggle.active .hamburger:nth-child(3) {
    transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(7px, -7px);
}

.header-actions {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2rem;
}

/* --- Main Navigation Styling --- */
nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

nav li {
    position: relative;
}

nav a {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

nav a:hover {
    color: var(--text-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* --- Dropdown Arrow Icon --- */
.dropdown-arrow {
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border-left: 2px solid var(--text-secondary);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--text-secondary);
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

nav li:hover .dropdown-arrow {
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* --- Dropdown Menu Styling --- */
.dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(100% + 0.5rem);
    left: 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 6px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 1001;
    padding: 0.25rem 0;
    min-width: 250px;
    transform: translateY(-10px);
}

nav li:hover .dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.dropdown-menu ul {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.25rem 0;
}

.dropdown-menu li {
    width: 100%;
}

.dropdown-menu a {
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    display: block;
    border-radius: 4px;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.dropdown-menu a:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* --- CTA Button --- */
.cta-button {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
    display: inline-block;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.cta-button:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--bg-primary);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* ========== INDEX PAGE STYLES ========== */

/* --- Hero Section --- */
.hero {
    padding: 1rem 0 2rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75) 100%), url('./img/pawn2.jpg') center/cover no-repeat;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    position: relative;
}

.hero .container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 11fr 9fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: start;
}

.hero-content h1 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 3.5rem;
}

.hero-content .tagline {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.hero-content .pitch {
    max-width: 100%;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

/* --- Quotes Section --- */
.hero-quotes {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
}

.quote {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.quote:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.quote-philosophy {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.quote-philosophy .highlight {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-style: normal;
    display: inline-block;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

.quote-spiritual {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.quote-source {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    font-style: normal;
}

/* --- Pathways Section --- */
.pathways {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.pathway-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.pathway-card:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    border-color: var(--text-tertiary);
}

.pathway-card .icon {
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.pathway-card .icon svg {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    fill: var(--accent-color);
}

.pathway-card-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
}

.pathway-card-content p {
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
}

.pathway-card .button {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* --- Featured Content Section --- */
.featured-content {
    padding: 3rem 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.featured-content h2 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.featured-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.featured-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.featured-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    border-color: var(--text-tertiary);
}

.featured-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.featured-card p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* ========== COMMON PAGE STYLES ========== */

/* --- Page Hero --- */
.page-hero {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    scroll-margin-top: 150px;
}

.page-hero h1 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page-hero p {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

/* --- Content Section --- */
.content-section {
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.content-section .container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.content-section h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.content-section img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

/* ========== PROFILE PAGE STYLES ========== */

.credentials-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.credential-card {
    background-color: transparent;
    border: none;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
    border-radius: 0;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    transition: padding-left 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.credential-card:hover {
    padding-left: 2.5rem;
    border-left-color: #ff5252;
}

.credential-header {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.credential-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.credential-card .institution {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin: 0;
}

.credential-card .date {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.credential-description {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.cv-section {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.cv-section h2 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.cv-section p {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* ========== SERVICES PAGE STYLES ========== */

.service-details {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

/* Specific section anchors for services page */
#web-dev, #devops, #data-analysis, #ux-ui, #ai-automation {
    scroll-margin-top: 150px;
}

.service-block {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 2fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: start;
    scroll-margin-top: 150px;
}

.service-block h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.service-block ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.profile-intro {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.profile-intro .intro-text {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.service-block p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* ========== CSR PAGE STYLES ========== */

.csr-intro {
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.csr-intro .intro-text {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.csr-intro a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.csr-process {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.process-step {
    text-align: center;
}

.step-number {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    display: block;
}

.process-step h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.process-step p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.csr-features {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.feature-card {
    background-color: transparent;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    transition: padding-left 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.feature-card:hover {
    padding-left: 2.5rem;
    border-left-color: #ff5252;
}

.feature-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.feature-card p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.eligible-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.eligible-intro {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.eligible-intro p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin: 0;
}

.eligible-footer {
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.eligible-footer p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.eligible-footer a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.eligible-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.eligible-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.eligible-item h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.eligible-item p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.csr-projects {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.project-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.project-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.project-item h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.project-item h3 a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.project-item p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.benefits-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

.benefit-card {
    background-color: transparent;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    transition: padding-left 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.benefit-card:hover {
    padding-left: 2.5rem;
    border-left-color: #ff5252;
}

.benefit-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.benefit-card p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.cta-section {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.cta-section h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.cta-section p {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

/* ========== RESPONSIVE DESIGN FOR CSR ========== */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .csr-process {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .csr-features {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .eligible-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .csr-projects {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .benefits-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .cta-section {
        padding: 2.5rem 0;
    }
}


.research-section {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
    scroll-margin-top: 150px;
}

/* Specific section anchors for research page */
#phd, #master, #iho, #publications, #expertise {
    scroll-margin-top: 150px;
}

.research-section .container {
    max-width: 1200px;
}

.research-section h2 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.thesis-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.thesis-card h3 {
    margin-top: 0;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.thesis-card .authors {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.thesis-card .abstract {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.research-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.research-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

.research-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.research-card p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.meta-text {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.meta-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.research-card .meta {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.status-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    border-radius: 12px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.status-badge.active {
    background-color: #1e4620;
    color: #a5d6a7;
}

/* ========== INSIGHTS PAGE STYLES ========== */

.insights-section {
    padding: 3.5rem 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}

.insights-intro {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3.5rem;
}

.insights-intro h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.insights-intro p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.insights-articles {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(340px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.insight-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 2rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
}

.insight-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.insight-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.insight-card p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.insight-card .meta {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-top: 1.25rem;
}

.insight-card .tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.insight-card .tag {
    display: inline-block;
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.insight-card .publish-date {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    margin: 0;
}

.insight-card .read-more {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    align-self: flex-start;
}

.insight-card .read-more:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color-hover);
}
}

/* ========== CONTACT PAGE STYLES ========== */

.contact-section {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.contact-section .container {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.contact-info h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.contact-info p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.contact-info-item {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.contact-info-item strong {
    color: var(--text-primary);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.contact-info-item a {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.contact-form-wrapper {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 2rem;
}

.contact-form-wrapper h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.form-group label .required {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 6px;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: border-color 0.2s ease, background-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(229, 57, 53, 0.1);
}

.form-group input.form-field-valid,
.form-group textarea.form-field-valid {
    border-color: #0f5132;
    background-color: rgba(15, 81, 50, 0.05);
}

.form-group input.form-field-valid:focus,
.form-group textarea.form-field-valid:focus {
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(15, 81, 50, 0.2);
}

.form-group input.form-field-invalid,
.form-group textarea.form-field-invalid {
    border-color: #ff6b6b;
    background-color: rgba(255, 107, 107, 0.05);
}

.form-group input.form-field-invalid:focus,
.form-group textarea.form-field-invalid:focus {
    border-color: #ff6b6b;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(255, 107, 107, 0.2);
}

.form-group input:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown),
.form-group textarea:invalid:not(:placeholder-shown) {
    border-color: #ff6b6b;
}

.form-group textarea {
    min-height: 150px;
    resize: vertical;
}

.form-error {
    display: none;
    color: #ff6b6b;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.char-count {
    display: block;
    text-align: right;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.form-message {
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    display: none;
}

.form-message.form-message-success {
    display: block;
    background-color: #0f5132;
    border: 1px solid #0d3622;
    color: #d1f2eb;
}

.form-message.form-message-error {
    display: block;
    background-color: #842029;
    border: 1px solid #5c0914;
    color: #f8d7da;
}

.submit-button {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1rem;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--bg-primary);
    border: none;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.submit-button:hover:not(:disabled) {
    background-color: #b71c1c;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.submit-button:disabled {
    opacity: 0.6;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

/* --- Footer --- */
footer {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
}

footer p {
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

footer .social-links a {
    margin: 0 12px;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* --- Scroll to Top Button --- */
.scroll-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--bg-primary);
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 20px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease, transform 0.3s ease;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    z-index: 1000;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(229, 57, 53, 0.3);
}

.scroll-to-top.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
    background-color: #b71c1c;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* --- Responsive Design --- */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    h1 { font-size: 2.2rem; }
    h2 { font-size: 1.8rem; }
    h3 { font-size: 1.1rem; }
    
    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    /* Header Mobile Styles */
    header {
        padding: 1rem 0;
    }
    
    .menu-toggle {
        display: flex;
    }
    
    header .container {
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }
    
    .header-actions {
        position: fixed;
        top: 60px;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0;
        width: 100%;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow-y: auto;
        overflow-x: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.4s ease;
        z-index: 999;
    }
    
    .header-actions.active {
        max-height: calc(100vh - 60px);
    }
    
    nav {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 1rem 0 0 0;
    }
    
    nav ul {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    nav li {
        width: 100%;
        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    }
    
    nav li:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
    
    nav a {
        padding: 0.75rem 0;
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
    }
    
    .logo img {
        max-width: 130px;
        height: auto;
    }
    
    .dropdown-arrow {
        width: 6px;
        height: 6px;
        border-left: 2px solid var(--text-tertiary);
        border-bottom: 2px solid var(--text-tertiary);
        transform: rotate(-45deg);
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    }
    
    nav li.dropdown.active .dropdown-arrow {
        transform: rotate(135deg);
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        border: none;
        background-color: var(--bg-primary);
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.3s ease;
    }
    
    nav li.dropdown.active .dropdown-menu {
        max-height: 500px;
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu ul {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0;
        padding: 0.5rem 0 0 0;
        margin: 0;
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu li {
        border: none;
        background-color: var(--bg-primary);
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu a {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem 0.5rem 2rem;
        border-radius: 0;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        color: var(--text-tertiary);
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu a:hover {
        background-color: transparent;
        color: var(--accent-color);
    }
    
    .dropdown-arrow {
        display: none;
    }
    
    .cta-button {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        margin: 0.5rem 1rem 1rem 1rem;
    }
    
    /* Hero Section */
    .hero {
        padding: 0.75rem 0 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero .container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero-content .tagline {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero-content .pitch {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .hero-quotes {
        margin-top: 0.75rem;
        padding-left: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    /* Content Section */
    .content-section {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .content-section .container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    /* Page Hero */
    .page-hero {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .page-hero h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .page-hero p {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }
    
    /* Featured Grid */
    .featured-content {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .featured-content h2 {
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .featured-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .featured-card {
        padding: 1rem;
    }
    
    .featured-card h3 {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    /* Credentials Grid */
    .credentials-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    /* Service Block */
    .service-details {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .service-block {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
        padding: 1.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    .service-block h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem;
    }
    
    .service-block li {
        padding: 0.75rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
    
    /* Contact Section */
    .contact-section {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .contact-section .container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .contact-info p {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .contact-info-item {
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }
    
    /* Research Grid */
    .research-section {
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .research-section h2 {
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .research-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .thesis-card {
        padding: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    /* Research page mobile responsive fixes */
    .mmcd-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
    }

    .iho-flex {
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }

    .iho-flex > div:first-child {
        width: 100% !important;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .iho-flex img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
        width: auto !important;
    }

    .research-buttons {
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }

    .research-buttons .cta-button {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        display: block;
    }

    .thesis-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .thesis-card .authors {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .thesis-card .abstract {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    .thesis-card h4 {
        font-size: 1.05rem;
        margin-top: 0.75rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    }

    .thesis-card ul {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        padding-left: 1.25rem !important;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    .thesis-card ul li {
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    }

    /* Master by Research buttons flex layout - responsive */
    .thesis-card > div[style*="display: flex; gap: 1rem"] {
        flex-wrap: wrap !important;
        gap: 0.75rem !important;
    }

    .thesis-card > div[style*="display: flex; gap: 1rem"] .cta-button {
        flex: 1 1 calc(50% - 0.5rem) !important;
        min-width: 140px;
        margin: 0;
    }

    @media (max-width: 500px) {
        .thesis-card > div[style*="display: flex; gap: 1rem"] .cta-button {
            flex: 1 1 100% !important;
            min-width: auto;
        }
    }

    .research-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.15rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .research-card ul {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
    }

    /* Research page responsive fixes */
    .mmcd-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
        gap: 1.5rem !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
        margin: 1.5rem 0 !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
    }

    .mmcd-grid > div {
        width: 100% !important;
        min-width: 0 !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
    }

    .mmcd-grid img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        height: auto !important;
        display: block !important;
        border-radius: 8px !important;
    }

    .mmcd-grid > div:first-child {
        width: 100% !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
    }

    .mmcd-grid > div:last-child {
        width: 100% !important;
    }

    .mmcd-grid > div:last-child h4 {
        font-size: 1.05rem;
        margin-top: 0;
    }

    .mmcd-grid > div:last-child ul {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        padding-left: 1.25rem !important;
    }

    .iho-flex {
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }

    .iho-flex > div:first-child {
        width: 100% !important;
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    .iho-flex img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
        width: auto !important;
    }

    .research-buttons {
        flex-direction: column !important;
    }

    .research-buttons .cta-button {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: center;
        display: block;
    }

    .thesis-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .thesis-card .authors {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .thesis-card .abstract {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        line-height: 1.6;
    }

    .research-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.15rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }
    
    /* Insights Grid */
    .insights-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
    }
    
    .insight-card {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .insight-card h3 {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    }
    
    /* Recommended Tools */
    .recommended-tools {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .recommended-tools h2 {
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        font-size: 1.6rem;
    }
    
    .recommended-intro {
        margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .recommended-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
}

/* ========== RECOMMENDED TOOLS SECTION ========== */

.recommended-tools {
    padding: 3.5rem 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.recommended-tools h2 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.recommended-intro {
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto 2rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.recommended-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(100px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    align-items: center;
    justify-items: center;
}

.recommended-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-tertiary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, background-color 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    min-height: 80px;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.recommended-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}

.recommended-item img {
    width: 90%;
    height: 90%;
    object-fit: contain;
    padding: 0.25rem;
    filter: brightness(1);
    transition: filter 0.3s ease;
}

.recommended-item:hover img {
    filter: brightness(1.3);
}
/* ============================================
   Awards Page Styles
   ============================================ */

.awards-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.award-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.75rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 4rem;
}

.award-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.award-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: 1rem;
    left: 1.75rem;
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.award-badge.gold {
    background-color: #ffd700;
    color: #333;
}

.award-badge.gold-special {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffd700, #ffed4e);
    color: #333;
}

.award-badge.bronze {
    background-color: #cd7f32;
    color: white;
}

.award-badge.multi {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffd700, #cd7f32);
    color: white;
}

.award-badge.grant {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
}

.award-badge.service {
    background-color: #4CAF50;
    color: white;
}

.award-badge.merit {
    background-color: #2196F3;
    color: white;
}

.award-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin: 1rem 0;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.award-event {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--accent-color);
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.award-description {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.award-meta {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-tertiary);
    font-style: italic;
}